public record CreateOrderRequest(
    @NotNull Long productId,
    @Min(1) @Max(100) Integer quantity,
    @Email String customerEmail
) {}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/orders")
public class OrderController {

    @PostMapping
    public ResponseEntity<Order> createOrder(
            @Valid @RequestBody CreateOrderRequest request) {
        // إذا فشل التحقق، يتم إطلاق MethodArgumentNotValidException
        // قبل الوصول إلى هذا السطر
        Order order = orderService.createOrder(request);
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED).body(order);
    }
}

public record CreateOrderRequest(
    @NotNull(message = "Product ID is required")
    Long productId,

    @Min(value = 1, message = "Quantity must be at least 1")
    @Max(value = 100, message = "Quantity cannot exceed 100")
    Integer quantity,

    @Email(message = "Invalid email format")
    String customerEmail
) {}

// التنفيذ ناجح

public record CreateProductRequest(
    @NotBlank(message = "Product name is required")
    @Size(min = 2, max = 200, message = "Name must be 2-200 characters")
    String name,

    @NotNull(message = "Price is required")
    @Positive(message = "Price must be positive")
    @DecimalMin(value = "0.01", message = "Price must be at least 0.01")
    BigDecimal price,

    @NotNull(message = "Stock is required")
    @Min(value = 0, message = "Stock cannot be negative")
    Integer stock,

    @Email(message = "Supplier email must be valid")
    String supplierEmail,

    @Pattern(regexp = "^[A-Z]{3}-\\d{4}$", message = "SKU format: XXX-0000")
    String sku
) {}

// التنفيذ ناجح

// الخطوة 1: تعريف تعليق القيد
@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.PARAMETER})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Constraint(validatedBy = OrderQuantityValidator.class)
public @interface ValidOrderQuantity {
    String message() default "Order quantity exceeds product stock limit";
    Class<?>[] groups() default {};
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
}

// الخطوة 2: تنفيذ ConstraintValidator
public class OrderQuantityValidator
        implements ConstraintValidator<ValidOrderQuantity, Integer> {

    private static final int MAX_QUANTITY_PER_ITEM = 100;

    @Override
    public boolean isValid(Integer quantity, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
        if (quantity == null) {
            return true; // دع @NotNull يتولى فحص null
        }
        return quantity >= 1 && quantity <= MAX_QUANTITY_PER_ITEM;
    }
}

// الخطوة 3: الاستخدام في DTO
public record CreateOrderRequest(
    @NotNull Long productId,
    @ValidOrderQuantity Integer quantity
) {}

// التنفيذ ناجح

// تعريف واجهات المجموعة
public interface Create {}
public interface Update {}

// DTO مع تحقق واعٍ بالمجموعة
public record ProductRequest(
    @Null(groups = Create.class, message = "ID must be null for creation")
    @NotNull(groups = Update.class, message = "ID is required for update")
    Long id,

    @NotBlank(groups = Create.class, message = "Name is required for creation")
    @Size(min = 2, max = 200)
    String name,

    @NotNull(groups = Create.class, message = "Price is required for creation")
    @Positive BigDecimal price
) {}

// التنفيذ ناجح

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/products")
public class ProductController {

    @PostMapping
    public ResponseEntity<Product> create(
            @Validated(Create.class) @RequestBody ProductRequest request) {
        // يتم تطبيق تحققات مجموعة Create فقط
        // ...
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED).build();
    }

    @PutMapping("/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<Product> update(
            @PathVariable Long id,
            @Validated(Update.class) @RequestBody ProductRequest request) {
        // يتم تطبيق تحققات مجموعة Update فقط
        // ...
        return ResponseEntity.ok().build();
    }
}

public record CreateOrderRequest(
    @NotNull Long productId,
    @ValidOrderQuantity Integer quantity,
    @Valid @NotNull ShippingAddress shippingAddress
) {}

public record ShippingAddress(
    @NotBlank String street,
    @NotBlank String city,
    @NotBlank String zipCode,
    @Pattern(regexp = "^[A-Z]{2}$") String country
) {}

// التنفيذ ناجح

@RestControllerAdvice
public class ValidationExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> handleValidation(
            MethodArgumentNotValidException ex) {
        Map<String, Object> body = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        body.put("timestamp", Instant.now());
        body.put("status", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value());

        List<Map<String, String>> errors = ex.getBindingResult()
            .getFieldErrors().stream()
            .map(fe -> Map.of(
                "field", fe.getField(),
                "message", fe.getDefaultMessage() != null ? fe.getDefaultMessage() : "",
                "rejectedValue", fe.getRejectedValue() != null ? fe.getRejectedValue().toString() : "null"
            ))
            .toList();
        body.put("errors", errors);
        return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(body);
    }
}

{
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:00:00Z",
  "status": 400,
  "errors": [
    {"field": "quantity", "message": "Quantity must be at least 1", "rejectedValue": "0"},
    {"field": "customerEmail", "message": "Invalid email format", "rejectedValue": "abc"}
  ]
}

// مجموعات التحقق
package com.orderflow.validation;
public interface Create {}
public interface Update {}

// تحقق مخصص: @ValidShippingAddress
@Target({ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Constraint(validatedBy = ShippingAddressValidator.class)
public @interface ValidShippingAddress {
    String message() default "Invalid shipping address";
    Class<?>[] groups() default {};
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
}

public class ShippingAddressValidator
        implements ConstraintValidator<ValidShippingAddress, String> {
    @Override
    public boolean isValid(String address, ConstraintValidatorContext ctx) {
        if (address == null || address.isBlank()) return false;
        return address.length() >= 10 && address.length() <= 500;
    }
}

// DTOs
public record CreateOrderRequest(
    @NotNull(groups = Create.class) Long productId,
    @Min(value = 1, message = "Quantity must be at least 1")
    @Max(value = 100, message = "Quantity cannot exceed 100")
    Integer quantity,
    @Email String customerEmail,
    @ValidShippingAddress String shippingAddress
) {}

public record CreateProductRequest(
    @Null(groups = Create.class) @NotNull(groups = Update.class) Long id,
    @NotBlank(groups = Create.class) @Size(min = 2, max = 200) String name,
    @NotNull(groups = Create.class) @Positive BigDecimal price,
    @Min(0) Integer stock,
    @Pattern(regexp = "^[A-Z]{3}-\\d{4}$", message = "SKU: XXX-0000") String sku
) {}

// المتحكم
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/orders")
public class OrderController {
    @PostMapping
    public ResponseEntity<Void> create(
            @Validated(Create.class) @RequestBody CreateOrderRequest req) {
        // التحقق ناجح، الانتقال إلى منطق الأعمال
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED).build();
    }
}