Laravel: Laravel请求生命周期与HTTP内核

// Knowing the lifecycle helps you debug like this:
// 1. Check if the binding exists
app()->bound('payment.gateway');
// 2. Check which provider registered it
app()->getBindings()['payment.gateway']['concrete'];
// 3. Trace middleware execution order
app()->make(\Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel::class)->getMiddlewarePriority();

# Check registered service providers
php artisan about --only=providers
# Listed: AppServiceProvider, AuthServiceProvider, etc.

# Check middleware pipeline
php artisan route:list --columns=method,uri,middleware
# GET /dashboard → auth, tenant.resolve, verified

# Check bound services in container
php artisan tinker
# app()->getBindings()
# Lists all registered container bindings

# 命令执行成功

// bootstrap/app.php — Laravel 11 single-file configuration
return Application::configure(basePath: dirname(__DIR__))
    ->withRouting(
        web: __DIR__.'/../routes/web.php',
        api: __DIR__.'/../routes/api.php',
        commands: __DIR__.'/../routes/console.php',
        health: '/up',
    )
    ->withMiddleware(function (Middleware $middleware) {
        $middleware->appendToGuestList([
            '/api/*',
        ]);
        $middleware->alias([
            'tenant.resolve' => \App\Http\Middleware\TenantResolve::class,
        ]);
    })
    ->withExceptions(function (Exceptions $exceptions) {
        //
    })->create();

// bootstrap/app.php
->withMiddleware(function (Middleware $middleware) {
    // Add global middleware (runs on every request)
    $middleware->append([
        \App\Http\Middleware\SetLocale::class,
    ]);

    // Remove a default global middleware
    $middleware->remove([
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\TrimStrings::class,
    ]);

    // Register alias for route middleware
    $middleware->alias([
        'tenant' => \App\Http\Middleware\TenantResolve::class,
        'role' => \App\Http\Middleware\CheckRole::class,
    ]);
})

// 执行成功

// app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
public function register(): void
{
    // Bind interface to implementation
    $this->app->bind(
        PaymentGatewayInterface::class,
        StripeGateway::class,
    );

    // Bind with closure (full control)
    $this->app->bind('analytics.service', function ($app) {
        return new AnalyticsService(
            $app->make(CacheManager::class),
            $app['config']->get('analytics.ttl'),
        );
    });

    // Singleton — same instance every time
    $this->app->singleton(ShopMetricsConfig::class, function ($app) {
        return new ShopMetricsConfig(
            $app['config']->get('shopmetrics'),
        );
    });
}

// Automatic resolution via type-hint
class OrderController extends Controller
{
    public function __construct(
        private PaymentGatewayInterface $gateway, // auto-resolved
    ) {}
}

// Manual resolution
$gateway = app(PaymentGatewayInterface::class);
$gateway = app()->make(PaymentGatewayInterface::class);
$analytics = resolve('analytics.service');

// app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
public function register(): void
{
    $this->app->bind(
        \App\Contracts\ReportGeneratorInterface::class,
        \App\Services\PdfReportGenerator::class,
    );

    $this->app->singleton(
        \App\Services\TenantManager::class,
        fn ($app) => new TenantManager(
            $app->make(\App\Models\Tenant::class),
        ),
    );

    $this->app->when(ShopController::class)
        ->needs(\App\Contracts\FileStorageInterface::class)
        ->give(\App\Services\S3StorageService::class);
}

// 执行成功

// Using Facade — concise
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;

public function getShopStats(int $shopId): array
{
    return Cache::remember("shop.stats.{$shopId}", 3600, function () use ($shopId) {
        return Shop::findOrFail($shopId)->getStats();
    });
}

// Using DI — explicit, easier to test
public function __construct(
    private CacheManager $cache,
) {}

public function getShopStats(int $shopId): array
{
    return $this->cache->remember("shop.stats.{$shopId}", 3600, function () use ($shopId) {
        return Shop::findOrFail($shopId)->getStats();
    });
}

// 执行成功

Request arrives
  → Register Phase: all providers' register() called (no booting yet)
  → Boot Phase: all providers' boot() called (all bindings available)
  → Application ready

// app/Providers/PaymentServiceProvider.php
class PaymentServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    protected bool $defer = true;

    public function register(): void
    {
        $this->app->singleton(StripeGateway::class, function ($app) {
            return new StripeGateway(config('services.stripe'));
        });
    }

    public function provides(): array
    {
        return [StripeGateway::class];
    }
}

// app/Providers/ShopMetricsServiceProvider.php
class ShopMetricsServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    public function register(): void
    {
        $this->app->bind(
            ReportGeneratorInterface::class,
            PdfReportGenerator::class,
        );

        $this->app->singleton(TenantManager::class);
    }

    public function boot(): void
    {
        // Register middleware alias
        $this->app->make(\Illuminate\Routing\Router::class)
            ->aliasMiddleware('tenant', TenantResolve::class);

        // Register view composer
        View::composer('dashboard.*', NavigationComposer::class);

        // Register event listeners
        Event::listen(OrderPlaced::class, SendOrderNotification::class);
    }
}

// 执行成功

// ============================================
// Comprehensive: Trace a ShopMetrics request
// Covers: lifecycle, container, facade, provider
// ============================================

// 1. public/index.php — Entry point
// $app = require_once __DIR__.'/../bootstrap/app.php';
// $app->handleRequest();

// 2. bootstrap/app.php — Kernel configuration
// return Application::configure(basePath: dirname(__DIR__))
//     ->withRouting(web: ..., api: ...)
//     ->withMiddleware(fn ($m) => $m->append([SetLocale::class]))
//     ->create();

// 3. AppServiceProvider — Register bindings
// public function register(): void
// {
//     $this->app->singleton(TenantManager::class);
//     $this->app->bind(PaymentGatewayInterface::class, StripeGateway::class);
// }

// 4. Route: GET /{tenant}/dashboard
// Route::middleware(['auth', 'tenant'])->get('/{tenant}/dashboard', [DashboardController::class, 'index']);

// 5. Controller — Use DI and Facades
class DashboardController extends Controller
{
    public function __construct(
        private TenantManager $tenantManager, // DI resolved
    ) {}

    public function index(Request $request): View
    {
        $tenant = $this->tenantManager->current();
        $stats = Cache::remember("dashboard.{$tenant->id}", 300, function () use ($tenant) {
            return [
                'revenue' => $tenant->shops()->sum('revenue'),
                'orders' => $tenant->orders()->count(),
                'shops' => $tenant->shops()->active()->count(),
            ];
        });

        return view('dashboard.index', compact('tenant', 'stats'));
    }
}

// 6. Response sent → Terminable middleware runs → Request complete